Rokan's Journal

Introduction

As Bangladesh transitions to a new interim government, the country stands at a critical juncture. The previous Awami League (AL) administration’s tenure was marked by numerous controversies, widespread dissatisfaction, and significant socio-political and economic challenges. The new interim government faces the daunting task of addressing these issues to stabilize the nation, restore public confidence, and pave the way for a more just and democratic future. Below are the priority issues that must be addressed urgently:

1. Restoration of Law and Order

One of the most pressing issues is the restoration of law and order. The previous administration was often criticized for its alleged use of state apparatus to suppress dissent and opposition. This led to a breakdown in public trust and increased political violence. The interim government must ensure the rule of law is upheld, and that law enforcement agencies operate independently and impartially. Rebuilding trust in these institutions is crucial for maintaining peace and security across the nation.

2. Electoral Reforms

The credibility of Bangladesh’s electoral process has been severely compromised, with allegations of voter suppression, rigging, and manipulation under the AL government. The new interim government must prioritize comprehensive electoral reforms to ensure free, fair, and transparent elections. This includes revising the voter list, ensuring the independence of the Election Commission, and implementing stringent measures to prevent electoral fraud. An inclusive dialogue with all political stakeholders is essential to achieving consensus on these reforms.

3. Economic Stabilization

The economy has faced significant challenges, including inflation, unemployment, and a rising cost of living, exacerbated by mismanagement and corruption during the AL administration. The interim government must take immediate steps to stabilize the economy by promoting transparency and accountability in financial governance. Reviving key sectors, particularly those that provide employment to millions, should be a priority. Addressing inflation and providing relief to the most vulnerable populations will also be critical to restoring economic stability. Stabilize the economy by focusing on job creation, poverty alleviation, and support for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs).Improve access to healthcare and social services, particularly for the most vulnerable populations who have been neglected under the previous government.

4. Corruption Eradication

Corruption was a pervasive issue during the previous government, with widespread allegations of graft and misuse of public funds. The new government must launch thorough investigations into these allegations and hold those responsible accountable, regardless of their political affiliation. Strengthening anti-corruption agencies, ensuring their independence, and implementing strict oversight mechanisms will be key to restoring public trust in government institutions.

5. Restoration of Freedom of Speech and Press

Under the AL government, there were significant curbs on freedom of speech and press, with journalists and media outlets often facing harassment, intimidation, and censorship. The interim government must prioritize the repeal or amendment of draconian laws that restrict free expression. Ensuring the safety and independence of journalists is essential for a functioning democracy. A free and vibrant press is critical for holding the government accountable and for informing the public.

6. Judicial Reforms

The independence of the judiciary was called into question during the previous administration, with allegations of politically motivated appointments and interference in judicial proceedings. Restoring the judiciary’s independence is vital for the rule of law and the protection of citizens’ rights. The interim government should work to depoliticize the judiciary, ensure fair and impartial trials, and address any backlog of cases that may have been influenced by political considerations.

7. Human Rights Protection

Human rights violations were a major concern under the AL government, particularly with regard to political repression, enforced disappearances, and extrajudicial killings. The interim government must prioritize the investigation and redress of these abuses. It should also work to protect the rights of minorities and vulnerable groups, ensuring that all citizens are treated equally under the law. Upholding human rights is not only a moral imperative but also a key factor in restoring Bangladesh’s international standing.

8. Social Justice and Equity

The economic policies of the previous administration often exacerbated inequalities, particularly between urban and rural areas. The interim government must focus on policies that promote social justice and equity, ensuring that marginalized communities have access to resources, education, healthcare, and opportunities. Addressing these disparities is essential for social cohesion and long-term stability.

9. Restoration of Public Trust in Institutions

Public trust in government institutions has eroded significantly due to perceived corruption, incompetence, and partisanship under the AL government. The interim government must prioritize rebuilding this trust by ensuring transparency, accountability, and responsiveness in all its actions. Engaging with civil society and ensuring their participation in governance will be crucial in this regard. Transparent communication and a commitment to serving the public interest should be at the forefront of the interim government’s agenda.

10. Diplomatic Reorientation

The previous administration’s foreign policy was often criticized for being overly aligned with certain regional powers at the expense of national interests. The interim government should reassess Bangladesh’s foreign relations, prioritizing sovereignty, and ensuring that international partnerships are mutually beneficial. Balancing relations with major global powers while protecting national interests will be a delicate but necessary task.

11. Reform of the Security Forces and Intelligence Agencies

The security forces and intelligence agencies have long been perceived as tools of political repression under the AL government. To restore their credibility and integrity, the interim government must undertake comprehensive reforms:

Depoliticization: The first step should involve the immediate depoliticization of the forces. Officers with a history of partisan activities must be removed, and promotions should be based on merit and service records, not political allegiance.

Training and Code of Conduct: Revamping the training programs to emphasize adherence to the rule of law, human rights, and democratic principles is essential. A new code of conduct should be implemented to ensure accountability and transparency in their operations.

Oversight Mechanisms: Establishing independent oversight bodies to monitor the activities of security and intelligence agencies is critical. These bodies should be empowered to investigate abuses and recommend disciplinary actions without fear of retribution.

12. Review of Education Curriculum and Syllabus

The AL government’s tenure saw significant alterations to the national education curriculum, often driven by political and ideological motivations. The interim government must prioritize the following:

Curriculum Review: An immediate review of the existing curriculum is necessary to identify and remove content that promotes partisan ideologies or distorts historical facts. The goal should be to create a curriculum that fosters critical thinking, national unity, and a balanced understanding of history.

Inclusive Education: Ensure that the curriculum reflects the diverse cultural and religious fabric of Bangladesh, promoting tolerance and respect for all communities.

Skill Development: The syllabus should be updated to emphasize vocational and technical education, equipping students with the skills needed for the modern job market.

13. Review and Rewrite of the Constitution

The AL government made several amendments to the constitution, many of which have been criticized for undermining democratic processes and consolidating power. The interim government must:

Constitutional Review Commission: Establish a non-partisan commission comprising legal experts, civil society members, and representatives from various political parties to review the amendments made in the past decade.

Restoration of Checks and Balances: Amendments that have weakened the independence of the judiciary, curtailed freedom of the press, or expanded executive powers must be rescinded. The focus should be on restoring the original spirit of the constitution, which guarantees checks and balances among the branches of government.

Public Referendum: Major constitutional changes should be subject to a public referendum to ensure they reflect the will of the people.

14. Cancellation of Harmful Laws and Agreements

The previous government enacted several laws and signed agreements that have been widely regarded as detrimental to national interests. The interim government must:

Legal Review: Conduct a thorough review of all laws passed during the AL tenure, particularly those related to freedom of speech, press freedom, and civil liberties. Laws that are found to be repressive or unjust should be repealed immediately.

Bilateral Agreements: Re-examine all agreements with India, especially those perceived as compromising national sovereignty or economic interests. Agreements that do not serve the long-term interests of Bangladesh should be renegotiated or canceled.

15. Immediate Suspension of Student Politics

Student politics, under the influence of political parties, has often been a source of violence, corruption, and educational disruption. The interim government should:

Ban on Student Politics: Immediately suspend all forms of organized student politics within educational institutions. This suspension should remain until a new framework is established that ensures student organizations operate independently of political parties.

Focus on Academic Excellence: Educational institutions should prioritize academic excellence and research, free from the influence of partisan politics. Student unions can be reintroduced later, but they must be strictly non-partisan and focused on representing student interests, not political agendas.

Conclusion

The road ahead for Bangladesh’s new interim government is fraught with challenges, but also with opportunities for renewal. By addressing these priority issues with determination and integrity, the interim government can lay the foundation for a more stable, just, and democratic Bangladesh. The success of this transitional period will depend on the government’s ability to act decisively, uphold the rule of law, and restore public confidence in the nation’s institutions. Only then can Bangladesh move forward towards a brighter future, leaving behind the damages of the past. The success of this government will be measured not just by the policies it enacts, but by the lasting change it brings to the lives of the people and the future of the nation.