Rokan's Journal

Introduction

The Bangladesh Army has long been regarded as a professional force with a sterling reputation, both domestically and internationally. Its contributions to United Nations Peacekeeping Operations have earned it accolades worldwide, reflecting its commitment to global peace and security. However, within Bangladesh, the army’s involvement in the political landscape has been a subject of concern. Since the era of President Ershad, there has been a gradual politicization of the armed forces, leading to questions about their role in the country’s governance. This article explores the need for depoliticization of the Bangladesh Army, emphasizing the importance of maintaining a clear distinction between military professionalism and political interests.

The Professionalism of the Bangladesh Army

The Bangladesh Army has a long-standing tradition of professionalism, discipline, and dedication to its duties. It has played a pivotal role in various national crises, from natural disasters to internal security challenges, always stepping up to serve the nation with honor. Its involvement in United Nations Peacekeeping Operations has further solidified its reputation as a disciplined and capable force, often cited as one of the largest contributors to these missions. The army’s professionalism is rooted in its training, adherence to international military standards, and its commitment to the principles of service before self.

The Onset of Politicization

Despite its professional standing, the Bangladesh Army has not been immune to political influences. The politicization of the armed forces can be traced back to the era of President Hussain Muhammad Ershad, who used the military to consolidate his power and maintain control over the country. Ershad’s regime marked the beginning of a trend where the army’s loyalty was increasingly tied to individuals in power rather than to the constitution of the country. This practice continued under subsequent governments, each of which sought to align the military with its political agenda.

The impact of this politicization has been profound. The army, which should ideally be a neutral and apolitical institution, has often found itself entangled in the political dynamics of the country. This has not only affected its internal cohesion and morale but has also raised concerns about its role as a guardian of the constitution.

The Importance of Depoliticization

The armed forces are the protector of the constitution, sworn by oath to defend it against all enemies, foreign and domestic. Their loyalty must always be to the constitution, not to any individual, political party, or regime. This principle is essential for maintaining the integrity and professionalism of the military. When the army becomes politicized, it undermines the very foundation of democracy and the rule of law.

Depoliticizing the Bangladesh Army is crucial for several reasons:

Maintaining Professionalism: The army’s primary role is to protect the nation, not to serve the interests of any political entity. Depoliticization ensures that the military remains focused on its core duties, maintaining the highest standards of professionalism.

Ensuring National Stability: A politicized military can become a tool for political oppression, leading to instability and unrest. By remaining apolitical, the army can act as a stabilizing force, protecting the nation’s interests rather than those of a particular regime.

Preserving Public Trust: The public’s trust in the military is essential for national unity and security. When the army is seen as impartial and dedicated to the constitution, it earns the respect and confidence of the people.

Protecting Democratic Institutions: A depoliticized military supports the growth and development of democratic institutions. By staying out of politics, the army allows the democratic process to function without undue influence, ensuring that power transitions occur peacefully and constitutionally.

Balancing Politics and Professionalism

While the need for depoliticization is clear, it is equally important to acknowledge the complex relationship between the military and the state. In many countries, including Bangladesh, the military plays a significant role in national security and governance. However, this role must be carefully balanced to ensure that the army does not overstep its bounds or become a pawn in political games.

To achieve this balance, several steps can be taken:

Clear Legal Framework: Establishing a clear legal framework that defines the role of the military in governance is essential. This framework should emphasize the army’s duty to protect the constitution and the nation, while explicitly prohibiting political involvement.

Professional Development: Continued investment in the professional development of military personnel can help reinforce the values of neutrality and constitutional loyalty. Training programs should emphasize the importance of remaining apolitical and focusing on the core responsibilities of the military.

Civil-Military Relations: Strengthening civil-military relations through dialogue and cooperation can help bridge the gap between the military and the political leadership. This can lead to a better understanding of each other’s roles and responsibilities, reducing the likelihood of political interference in military affairs.

Accountability Mechanisms: Implementing robust accountability mechanisms within the military can help deter politicization. Officers and personnel who engage in political activities should be held accountable, ensuring that the army remains a professional and impartial institution.

Conclusion

The Bangladesh Army’s legacy of professionalism and dedication to the nation is a source of pride for the country. However, the increasing politicization of the military threatens to undermine this legacy. It is imperative that steps are taken to depoliticize the armed forces, ensuring that they remain loyal to the constitution and dedicated to their primary role as protectors of the nation. By maintaining a clear separation between politics and military professionalism, Bangladesh can ensure that its army continues to serve as a pillar of stability, unity, and security.